Physical Defense Against Cyber Threats in IT/OT Converged Industrial Control System

• Developed a realistic PERA-based ICS cybersecurity testbed for power system security using multi-vendor industrial devices such as PLCs, meters, RTU and various loads to facilitate comprehensive attack defense evalua-tion in a realistic industrial environment.

• Implementation of an end-to-end multi-protocol framework that integrates industrial communication protocols with MQTT-based cloud connectivity such that communication across field, control, supervisory and enterprise layers is enabled for holistic system-level cybersecurity assessment.

• Experimental discovery and exploitation of some key cybersecurity vulnerabilities in the Purdue Level 3.5 DMZ, including SMB-based lateral movement, MQTT command injection, and DNS tunneling attacks, representing realistic attack propagation paths from IT network into ICS networks.

• Design and deployment of a low-cost hardware-enforced DD to establish strict OT to IT network isolation and significantly reduce the risk of remote attacks on critical industrial infrastructure.

IED-Level Sparse Recovery for Attack-Resilient PMU Data Reconstruction in Cyber Physical Power Systems

• A lightweight, projection-based sparse recovery frame-work is developed and deployed within an automation controller such as SEL-RTAC, enabling real-time both anomaly detection and reconstruction of streaming PMU data under deterministic execution constraints. 

• A computationally efficient solver is formulated by embedding a Dantzig-style maximum correction constraint into a fixed-iteration projected update. This eliminates reliance on external heavy optimization solvers while preserving sparse recovery capability.

• A practical empirical procedure for estimating the Dantzig tolerance parameter from projected PMU noise, enabling reliable separation of sparse anomalies from nominal residual energy.

Battery Storage

Experimental Validation and Analysis of Battery Storage Grid Connected Converter:  A Study with Li-ion and Lead-Acid Batteries   

• Battery storage grid connected converter is built in the simulation software MATLAB/Simulink for charging and discharging of the battery and is validated successfully in the hardware experimental setup.

• The implementation of a hardware setup that has identical specifications to the simulated model. 

• Comparative analysis between Li-ion and lead acid battery used within a schematic grid-connected system.

Grid Connected Doubly Fed Induction Generator Wind Energy Conversion System with Battery Storage 

• A dynamic modelling of the DFIG considering the stator and the rotor electromagnetic force implemented for better simulation during the small voltage disturbance.

• An algorithm for the optimal ratio of reactive power-sharing between the AC-DC-AC converter keeping the apparent power rating and the power factor of the machine within limit.

• Transient Voltage Support during Voltage Dips in DFIG driven Wind Turbine with Grid connected Battery Energy Storage System.  

Utility-Scale BESS Deployment in Renewable-Rich Northern Region Grid for Enhancing PFR

• Formulation and development of the large 220kV and 400kV level ‘NRPG’ model in widely used commercial platform Siemens PSS®E for  power system studies.

•  WECC approved US-BESS model parameter tuning, configuration and deployment for PFR support considering location, size and droop controlled-operation.

•  The performance of the US-BESS is assessed through dynamic simulation, wherein various scenarios of real-time grid frequency events are emulated.

Note: Figure (a) shows the grid integration of Renewable Generating Plants (RGPs), (b) WECC approved dynamic models for modelling RGPs.